Henry Sidgwick (May 31, 1838–August 28, 1900) was an English philosopher.

He was innate at Skipton in Yorkshire, where his father, a Revolutions per minute. W Sidgwick (d. 1841), was master of the grammar school. Henry himself was educated at Rugby (where his cousaround-german, later on his brother-in-law, Edward White Benson – later Archbishop of Canterbury – was a master), & at Trinity College, Cambridge, where his career was a brilliant 1. When at Trinity, Sidgwick became the member of the Cambridge Apostles. Inside 1859 he was senior classic, 33rd wrangler, chancellor's medallist and Recreant scholar. inside the equivalent season he was elected to the fellowship at Trinity, & presently after became the lecturer in classics there, the post he held for decade years. Around 1869 he exchanged his lectureship for the single inside moral philosophy, a subject to which he experienced been turning his attention further & additional.

In the equivalent month, searching for that he can there is no elongated declare himself the member of the Church of England, he resigned his fellowship. He retained his lectureship, & within 1881 was elected an honorary fellow. Around 1874 he published A Methods of Ethics (Sixth ed. 1901, containing emendations written upright prior to his demise), by park consent one of a greatest works of moral philosophy ever written. It foremost won him the reputation outside his university. Witharound 1875 he was appointed praelector in lesson & political philosophy at Trinity, in 1883 he was elective Knightbridge Professor of Philosophy, and around 1885, the religious trial with been flushed, his college over again elected him to a fellowship on the foundation.

Besides his lecture & literary labours, Sidgwick took an active a portion inside the business of the university, & in numerous forms of social & beneficent operate. He was the member of the General Board of Studies from either its foundation inside 1882 till 1899; he was as well the member of the Council of the Senate of the Indian Civil Service Board & a Local Examinations & Lectures Syndicate, and president of the Favorite Board for Moral Science. He was one of a founders & number one president of the Society for Psychical Research, and was the member of the Metaphysical Society. Virtually all closely identified by having his title is a section he took within promoting the higher education of women. He helped to run a higher local examinations for women, & a lectures held at Cambridge inside preparation for these. It was at his guide & sustaining his aid that Miss Clough opened the home of home for students, which developed into Newnham College, Cambridge. Once, witharound 1880, a Northerly Hall was added, Sidgwick, world health organization in 1876 got married Eleanor Mildred Balfour (sister of AJ Balfour), went with his married woman to survive there for 2 years. When Miss Clough's demise within 1892 Mrs Sidgwick became principal of the college, & she & her married man lived there for the rest of his life. When you took this wholly cycle Sidgwick took a deepest interest in the welfare of the college. Around politics he was the Liberal, & became the Liberal Unionist within 1886. Early around 1900 he was forced by ill-health to resign his chair, & died two or three months late.

Sidgwick was the celebrated teacher. He treated his pupils when fellow students. He was deeply interested inside psychical phenomena, however his energies were primarily devoted to the learn of religion & philosophy. Brought higher in the Church of Engl&, he drift apart from orthodox Christianity, and when early when 1862 he described himself as a theist. For the rest of his life, though he regarded Christianity when "indispensable and irreplaceable – looking at it from a sociological point of view," he incurred himself unable to link to to that as a religion. Around political economy he was the Utilitarian on the lines of John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham; his work was a careful investigation of foremost lesson & a investigation of ambiguities like than constructive. Around philosophy he devoted himself to ethics, & especially to a examination of the ultimate intuitive information of conduct & the condition of free might. He adopted a position which can be described when honourable hedonism, based on data from which a criterion of goodness in any given action is that it produces the greatest imaginable total of pleasure. This hedonism, yet, is non confined to the self (egoistic), but involves the due regard to the pleasure of others, & is, so, distinguished farther when universalistic. Last, Sidgwick comes back to the principle that there is no human should work & so when to kill his have happiness, and leaves united states of americthe sustaining a somewhat unsatisfactory dualism.

His primary works come: A Methods of Ethics (1874) [http://www.la.utexas.edu/research/poltheory/sidgwick/me/ Full text] Lesson of Political Economy (1883, Third ed. I901) Scope & Method of Economic Science (1885) Outlines of the History of Ethics (1886, Fifth ed. 1902), hypertrophied from either his article ethics in the Encyclopædia Britannica Elements of Politics (1891, Second ed. 1897), an attempt to supply an adequate treatise on a subject starting from either the old lines of Bentham & Mill.

A resulting were published posthumously: Philosophy; its Scope & Relations (1902) Lectures on the Ethics of T. H. Green, Mr Herbert Spencer & J. Martineau (1902) A Development of European Polity (1903) Miscellaneous Essays & Addresses (1904) Lectures on the Philosophy of Kant (1905).